Understanding Hantavirus: Symptoms, Risks and Prevention
Hantavirus is a group of viruses carried by rodents. Humans usually become infected by breathing in dust contaminated with rodent urine, droppings or saliva. Some strains can cause severe lung or kidney disease. Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome (HPS) in the Americas primarily affects the lungs. Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome (HFRS) in Europe and Asia mainly targets the kidneys. Symptoms appear 1–8 weeks after exposure and can range from fever and muscle aches to shortness of breath and kidney failure. There is no specific antiviral cure or widely available vaccine. Treatment relies on oxygen therapy, intensive care support and fluid management. Early hospitalization significantly improves survival chances. Prevention focuses on avoiding rodent exposure. Seal holes in your home, store food securely and keep surroundings clean. Wet droppings with disinfectant before cleaning, and wear gloves and masks. While cases are rare in Africa, underreporting is possible due to limited surveillance.
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